Dust from the Sahara is increasingly blanketing the Canary Islands, according to a study
The Canary Islands are increasingly affected by calima—thick clouds of dust from the Sahara—which are now observed over the archipelago for at least 146 days a year. This is the conclusion reached by scientists from Switzerland and Spain.
According to a study by the Paul Scherrer Institute and the Institute of Environmental Analysis and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), the amount of Saharan dust reaching southern Europe has increased by 10–25% over the past decade. Researchers attribute this trend to climate change, which is contributing to the expansion of Africa’s desert regions and altering atmospheric circulation.
The Canary Islands are the hardest hit by this phenomenon, with calima occurring on approximately 40% of days each year. In southern mainland Spain, dust from the Sahara is observed about 35% of the year, and in the northeast of the country, in 25–30% of cases.
Scientists note that between 2020 and 2022, the region experienced the most intense dust storms in recorded history. During these episodes, the concentration of PM10 particulate matter reached 600–1,840 micrograms per cubic meter of air, whereas it typically ranges from 200 to 400 micrograms. The highest pollution levels were recorded on the island of Gran Canaria.
Medical experts warn that high concentrations of Saharan dust can pose a serious health threat. According to them, dust storms are linked to an increase in hospitalizations, as well as to higher mortality rates from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.
Kalim poses a particular danger to people with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cardiovascular diseases. Experts recommend that these individuals monitor weather forecasts and, if possible, limit their time outdoors during dust storms. According to doctors, exposure to Saharan dust can cause coughing, shortness of breath, chest discomfort, and increase the risk of respiratory infections.
Source: Express.
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