Russia has recorded a record number of convictions for treason and espionage
In 2025, Russian courts handed down at least 458 convictions in cases involving “treason,” “espionage,” and other similar crimes. In total, at least 478 people were convicted, marking a record high since Soviet times.
According to researchers’ estimates, Russian courts handed down an average of two verdicts in such cases every day throughout the year.
The largest number of those convicted were charged with “treason”—376 people, or nearly 79% of the total. Another 58 people were convicted of “espionage,” and 38 for “confidential collaboration with foreigners.”
Analysts note that the scale of prosecutions increased by 24% over the year, with no acquittals recorded in such cases.
Sentences have also become harsher. The median prison term for “treason” was 15 years, for “espionage” — 14 years, and for “confidential cooperation with foreigners” — 5 years. At least four people were sentenced to life in prison.
Researchers note that the Russian prosecutor’s office is increasingly seeking to reclassify cases under the more severe charge of “treason,” indicating a further intensification of repressive practices.
Source: Parubets Analytics, “First Department.”
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